1、 Formwork construction management
The formwork works mainly follow the principles of practicality, safety and economy, and fully consider the self weight of formwork and its support, construction load, loads of construction personnel and construction equipment, lateral pressure of formwork generated by concrete pouring and vibration, so as to ensure that the formwork has sufficient bearing capacity, stiffness and stability, so that it will not deform, damage or collapse during construction, so as to formulate a reasonable and effective formwork scheme.
If the construction is carried out in winter, the technical disclosure of winter construction shall also be made in time to ensure that each process of the formwork works is organized according to the regulations, specifications and technical measures, and the corresponding winter construction records shall be made to provide the basis for the follow-up formwork construction scheme. At the same time, special personnel shall be designated to master the temperature change, timely convey meteorological information, make weather records, and take corresponding technical measures and material preparation in case of sudden temperature drop, so as to do a good job in the protection of formwork construction in winter and ensure the smooth progress of the project.
2、 Template material management
For the management of formwork materials, firstly, the formwork materials shall be selected according to different engineering conditions and different construction parts. For example, medium-sized combined formwork can be used for beam and column formwork; The wall formwork can be assembled into large formwork by using medium-sized combined formwork, or made into large formwork by using the whole multi-layer formwork, or adopt permanent all steel large formwork; The whole multi-layer board such as wood and bamboo can be used for the floor formwork; For high-rise buildings, hydraulic climbing formwork, which integrates the advantages of large formwork and sliding formwork, can be used to facilitate construction, save site and tower crane lifting times, and ensure the safety of high-altitude operation.
In the construction process, on the premise of ensuring the quality and safety of the construction period, try to reduce one-time investment, increase the turnover of formwork and reduce the labor for support and demolition. When removing the formwork, the formwork shall not be damaged as much as possible, and the formwork removal fasteners shall be recycled as required, and shall not be littered for recycling. The removed formwork shall be cleaned, corrected and brushed with release agent in time. The formwork with unclear identification shall be re identified and carefully maintained to extend the service life.
During winter construction, dry and ventilated places shall also be selected to timely classify and store the unused building formwork, and the formwork shall not be directly exposed to the outside, so as to avoid deformation, deterioration, fading and other problems of the formwork caused by frost, rain and snow or low temperature, which will affect the subsequent use.
3、 Key points of formwork installation
1. In case of winter construction, the formwork can be used only after the ice, snow and soil on the formwork are removed before formwork erection, and the sundries and ice and snow in the formwork must be cleaned after formwork erection without watering. Assembly and hoisting of large formwork shall not be carried out in windy weather (above grade 5).
2. Before the installation of column formwork, the axis column sideline shall be snapped, and the elevation shall be set on the reinforcement. In addition to ensuring that the column formwork and support are firm and stable, the upper and lower formwork shall be supported on the same vertical center line.
3. 50mm thick flame retardant polystyrene board can be pasted on the back of the wall and column formwork for insulation, and the relative gap of the insulation board shall be increased by 1~2cm to ensure that the insulation board does not fall. At the same time, the outside shall be sealed with bamboo plywood or three plywood, and the bamboo plywood or three plywood shall be disassembled and assembled with the formwork at the same time.
4. The beam side formwork shall adopt 18mm thick multilayer plate; Beam bottom formwork shall be planed with 50mm thick pine wood; The floor formwork of the floor shall be seven plywood or 18mm thick multilayer board.
5. The formwork support shall be erected according to the requirements of the formwork scheme, and the supporting elevation and camber height shall be checked after the erection. It shall be ensured that the slab formwork is paved to the outer opening of the beam side formwork flush, and shall not be paved on the beam side formwork.
4、 Key points of formwork removal
1. When the formwork is removed in winter, the formwork removal application shall be submitted in accordance with the regulations, which shall include the pressure test report of the formwork removal test block. The formwork removal operation can be carried out only after the formwork removal application is approved.
2. The correct order and method of formwork removal shall be selected according to the provisions of formwork design. If there is no specific provision, the principle of "support before removal" shall be followed, and the formworks of non bearing parts shall be removed first, and the formworks of bearing parts shall be removed later.
3. Under the normal temperature environment, the formwork can be removed if the edges and corners and surface course of the concrete will not be damaged due to the wall formwork removal; In the negative temperature environment, the formwork can be removed only when the compressive strength of the formwork removal test block reaches 4MPa and the concrete is not frozen, and the removal time shall be strictly controlled.
4. When the temperature difference between the concrete and the outside environment is greater than 20 ℃, the concrete surface shall be covered with polyethylene plastic cloth after formwork removal, and the surface shall be temporarily covered with straw bags to make it cool slowly.
